Rolled manganese-steel railroad-rail.



UNiTED STATES PATEFW nw mn.

WINFIELD POTTER, OF MAHWAH NEN JERSEY. iSSIGNOR T BAIL CGMPANY, OEIVIAH'WAH,-NEW J No Drawing.

MANGANESE STEEL SEY.- A GORPDRATIOBI OE JERSEY.

I Application filed Seytember 36, 2908. Serial No. 55,230.

1b all w/aom may cncerm.

Be it known that I, Nmi'mw E5. Po'nrmz,

a citizen ml the united-Siziies, residing at Mahwah, in tlienonnty ofBei'gen and State ganesn steel,

from east m t:

a rail si'liicli shall be free from t 'liaracierisiics My impzn'r-wedrail is preferably mad: from manganese steel of (minnirycinngiositionand numbered ms "in: ivelv 938.891, 938892 saws-i, 938.893,939,!63 22ml gamma-1; i have referred to Hie weatnwni 0f nmngn'nissustool im- .ilm pzn'pose'ufannealing, toughening,

- and Wm'king film mm, lll'Hl l'O met-Ennis and,

XEXUCG-TSGS nip-winging finished shapes themfrnin man anese sieel furuse in steam and Heretoforn r2113. have been cast from 21m :1

8 cast mils iii: u} v ilsle in medefectz; msbpmnblc i and because theexecs mist nf-in 1,:IO(i1lli021. Vmimis zittez'n-pis lzave alrc beenmade in mi mils (2f manganese W386i, Znii tine rails :50 pl'mimtfll.have 1192 loeen nfisi zmdnrd size and Section and have nob been freefi'mn imperfections and defects anal Um character of the mei'nl intherails has nnlybeen uniform through nun,

It is the nlajeci; of my 'nvenlim'i in but because iiw'v emit mils whichshall iossess ii sable (nniln'ws 01; win-lied u and which Si aisi henf'nmfi'i-ini i131 hire iliroi monk (if cast m manggmwse steel.

containing iron, rrmnganese, carbcm, Sllicflfi and msmaii percentage ofizhe srdinn '3' impurities, such phnsplmqus, snlfn'r and 211" senic, 01,if 'lesired, tlig sine] may contain commercial align s such s'teu,titanium, w liiiililfll, nickel 0: 2pm.;

and is roiled from an ingot of standard size, pram-ably f om 211 1 ingotof :gbout six feet in lengili and having sectum EIlniGl' than iwvlveinches square. imicli will produce two 01" more rails o-f-stziiulni'rllenf i'li and of si'nnzlnnl secliun flint wilbbe firmed niirel r 01Filnmnigliiy worlaezlnml, wrought main 3. lll'klL IiOVCi'l mil pnselnies:1 swing unbroken outer nuance n1 Sliili and an ex:

irenn-ly fins uniform si ialline structnm which continuous throughoutthe rail and it free from segrifgntions and Other inequalitiesof-cnmpositinn. It is also free from defects, found in cast nmnganesesteel mils nrising'frnm shrinkage, slag, gas and sand. 01'. from(lui'cut; found in im perfectly limited and wnrkecl .si'eul arising fromcracks; sing blow licles 01' pig-es. The rail also pnsw sea gi'mii'claistii-iiyi -t0ugli- 2105s {0min strvngl l1 and shock i'vsistzznve.

is an example of one motlnul whereby E233 impwvgil mil maybe prmlucvdthe ingot 01 blofim nf manganese stvel first heated i0, 01* lmbnglitfrom the molds at, a inniperziiurenlmve ilie point Where the metalbegins in We'nken and which point I term i'lw upper cynical mint forvxnmple, from 2910 C. in 1043-1) (X and iwlmv the freezing pnini' (ifthe nwlal prvi'ui-ably beat 12330 law ilXC point :11 :ilmnl 1''" wherethe meinl becomes vex-y i": fjllt and brittle. Preferably illL mgni OiMmzn an a temjm'nijm'e i i-(m; HOG in i230 (1. dependingnn Theulini'ncivi' n1 111311).lSih'Hfillfi nwtal, {lair size of the ingot andilm shape and seclinn of the rail in lw i'ulleil, :iml azt a tom--purntnre where the intci'im' of ilk ingot 0r lill'lfilll in a uniform. pnsiiv slain and the igni n3 2*. whole :-1n lisinntinlly in :1 stalk ofiil 'snlnlimi. The skin or v ing'at or bloom, in case isniimw iii?hymgyeminrc of ili iniel'inr, films) gi:1; "-="2i iy reduced in femeruinia m; mlwlsw 2:3 of the i lOIlOI' am the ingo? lqlunm is ilwn s: ll

. i this mils. anion Elli and without n ier-ind in the action lg (nofirst passvs s are 45. :uhsianlinl i-mlnniiun of l'il? ingot mbloom in(min? in WC Tk i'ln} miter surl'nm of (he lil-eem 51ml reduce ilk? sameto the condition m wrought metal, but aiiar ilzr; initial asses the invt 01- 'nlpfiin is iwlmrafi i'sipi'i ly 01' slowly as iiesirii in itsfinished slmgae. Immedintaly inereniiei, and while the; metal atelyafter rollin and without reheating,

the full efiect. or t e compression and workisstill hot from the heat ofrnlling and without reheating, the rail or finished shape is ,quenched,preferably in water.

The lowering of the temperature of the .outer surface or skin while theinterior is at a temperature above the upper critical point,

and the initial passes through the rolls both tend to compress the metalof theiingot or bloom and provide the finished shapewith a strong, toughand unbroken outer surface or skin.. i

The subsequent rolling of the ingot ,or bloom to its finished shapereduces the metal to a thorou hly worked or wrought-condition througout; By quenching immediiriig andconsequent density is retained'in a dition to the-results" obtained b quenching-so' that: the rail 'orfinisheds ape possesses a stron erxouter surface or skin and a finercrystal iz'ation than that obtained in the castrail or that obtained ina? rolled rail which is reheated prior to quenchin If the possessin railis reheated prior to quenching t e outer surfaceor skinmayvbegoxidizedor cracked and thereby weakenedfsot-hat'it willhave less abrasiveresistance and'the rail is mpre liable t6 be. broken byhock or stressthan if quenched directlyf'from'the heat of roll ing. Furthermore,thecrystalline structure 1 ,as' described.

2. A rolled manganese steelrailroad rail possessing the density,highxelasticplimit' and fine crystalline structure j'characteristic 'ofthoroughl .worked metal and the toughness and hat ness characteristic ofquenched manganese steel; 1

-3; A'rolled manganese steel railroad rail consisting of thoroughlyworked metal throughout and having a strong,t'ough unbroken outer skin.7

4. A rolled manganese steel railroad rail consisting of thoroughlyworked metal and having a continuous fine crystallization throughout.

the structural characteristics ofthe mate as it leaves the rolls,substantially peratu-re above its upper critical rdition, said railconsisting of thoroughly 5. A rolled manganese steel railroad railconsisting of thoroughly worked metal having a continuous finecrystallization throughout and having a strong unbroken outer skin.

' 6. A rolled manganese steel railroad rail of standard length andsection consisting of thoroughly worked metal and possessing a contmuousfill 01111 fine crystallization throughout.

7. A rolled manganese steel railroad rail of standard length andsection, quenched in water fronrthe heat of rolling.

8. A railroad trail rolled from an ingot .or

bloom of manganese steel while its interior is heated to a temperatureabove the upper critical point, said rail havin a continuous uniformfine crystallization roughout.

9. A railroad'rail rolled from a mangr 'nese steel ingot or bloom ofstandard size heated to a temperature above. its u per, critical point,said real being of stan ard size and section and consisting ofthoroughly.

'worked and 'wrou ht, metal, having a con tinuous fine crysta liz'ationthroughout. I1,

10. A railroad'rail rolled from a ma 7 nesesteelgingot or bloom ofstandard size heated to a tern 'rature "above its upper critical pointan quenched from the eat of rolling without reheating, 'saidirail beingof standard length and section and consisting of thoroughly worked metalof a continuous uniformly fine crystallization and having a strongunbroken outer skin.

-11. A railroad rail rolled from an ingot orbloorn of manganese steelwhile at? a tempera-ture above its upper critical point and having itsinterior in a soft and plastic condition, said rail consisti .ofthoroughly worked and wrought meta throughout. a

12. A railroad rail rolled from an ingot or bloom of manganese steelheated toa'teme aving its interior in a soft and p astic con;-

Worked and wrought metal throng out quenched from the heat of rollingwithout reheating.

point and This specification signed andwitn'essed, this 25th day ofS'eptember'A. D., 1908.

WINFI'EL D S. POTTER. Signed-in thepresence of- Gamr VAN Guava,

OAKLnY W. .Cooim.

